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The term candidate refers to any person aspiring for or seeking an elective public office, who has filed a certificate of candidacy, by himself or through an accredited party, aggroupment, or coalition of parties.
For President and Vice-President, one must be:
- a natural born citizen
- a registered voter
- able to read and write
- at least forty years old on the day of election
- and a resident of the Philippinesfor at least ten years immediately preceding such election
For Members of the House of Representatives, one must be:
- a natural born citizen
- on the day of election, at least twenty-five years old
- able to read and write
- a registered voter in the constituency in which he shall be elected
- and a resident thereof for a period of not less than six months immediately preceding the day of election
For sectoral representative, one must be:
- a natural born citizen
- on the day of election, at least twenty-five years of age
- able to read and write
- a bona fide member of the sector he seeks to represent
- a resident of the Philippines for a period of not less than one year immediately preceding the day of election
- for a representative of the agricultural or industrial sector, a registered voter
- for a youth sectoral representative, at least eighteen and not more than twenty-five years of age on the day of election
For elective provincial, city, municipal and barangay officials:
the qualifications shall be those provided for in the Local Government Code
On any day from the commencement of the election period but not later than the day
before the beginning of the campaign period.
For members of the House of Representatives:
- For legislative districts of the National Capital Region (NCR):
with the NCR regional election director in Manila
- For legislative districts in cities outside of NCR which comprise one or more legislative districts:
with the city election officer (EO) of said city
- For the other legislative districts:
with the provincial election supervisor (PES) of the province concerned
For provincial offices:
with the PES concerned
For city or municipal offices:
with the city or municipal EO concerned
The term election campaign or partisan political activity refers to an act designed to promote the
election or defeat of a particular candidate or candidates to a public office which shall include:
- Forming organizations, associations, clubs, committees or other groups of persons for the purpose of soliciting votes and/or undertaking any campaign for or against a candidate;
- Holding political caucuses, conferences, meetings, rallies, parades, or other similar assemblies, for the purpose of soliciting votes and/or undertaking any campaign or propaganda for or against a candidate;
- Making speeches, announcements or commentaries, or holding interviews for or against the election of any candidate for public office;
- Publishing or distributing campaign literature or materials designed to support or oppose the election of any candidate; or
- Directly or indirectly soliciting votes, pledges or support for or against a candidate.
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